Killing Us Softly 3 And Jill Kilbourne

Puntarenas Limón Heredia

carries the name of a fruit, but is dominated by a totally different. The province of Limón extends over the entire Atlantic coast of Costa Rica and is known for its Caribbean culture.

capital city of Puerto Limon (pop. 89.933)
Area 9.189 km ^ 2
population of 339.295 ( 2000)
Density 37 / km ^ 2

Limón is the unique province of Costa Rica, as the Caribbean influences and history can be felt very strong, they do not compare with the rest of the country. Christopher Columbus laid in 1502 at the first time in Costa Rica, on the coast of present-day Limón. Although the landowners were white, Limón was always dominated by the black population. In the early colonial period it was forbidden black residents to travel to the capital. And even if the racism in Costa Rica, as in the whole world, is far from over, but now there are very many black owner and entrepreneur, primarily of course in Limón. This has certainly contributed to the strengthening of Caribbean culture in recent decades.

still is, in addition to tourism, the banana industry an important pillar of the economy in Limón. Both Dole and Chiquita bananas have a lot of farmers under contract. Loaded onto giant cargo ships in Moin can these be found in German supermarkets.

power in the tourist centers, the culture is often a somewhat attached impression that sell especially if white immigrants (German, English, etc.) with Dreadlocks Jamaican flags. But you look a little deeper, we find but the Caribbean restaurant where Mum Rice & Beans (Gallo Pinto cooked in coconut milk) and lemon Sische empanadas cooked. You can experience the culture that is in any case to be alive, if you do not by Jamaican flags and the hash seller can distract the road.

As for tourism, it is necessary above all to the north and Tortuguero Cahuita and Puerto Viejo in the south call near the border with Panama. After Guanacaste is quite far away, people meet here mainly European visitors, which dampens the little package tourism. Tortuguero is at least the most important point for tourists in Costa Rica, if you're looking at turtles. However, the park in the Costa Rican environmental movement is facing growing criticism. To provide all possible tourist spectacle, can often more than 20 per turtle ogle be allowed. Although the tour guides say that the turtles would not be affected, but you can hear other views. José Luis, a member of the Board of Madre Verde, who works at MINAE (Ministry of Environment and Energy) was criticized as very much like the work of the leaders in Tortuguero. Cahuita and Puerto Viejo, in addition to wild parties, especially with good waves to surf and palm-covered beaches.

The, after the Isla del Coco, certainly inaccessible nature park of Costa Rica extends over the entire south-west of Limon, the Parque de la Amistad (Friendship Park). As an international park its larger part lies in Panama. Even before it goes into the actual park entrance for the common people is locked Here are the reserves for the last remaining tribes of Costa Rica. Really accessible to the park, or at least the edges, that is only of Puntarenas is off.

The ugly side of Limon show up in Puerto Limon, here is the attack rate is very high and also flourishing drug trade. Unfortunately, the border with Panama in the south probably quite transparent to flour-like substances.

I myself, as you can imagine, very great problems with the heat in Limón, which because of the humidity is sometimes really unbearable, so I prefer something in this aspect but the drier climate of the Pacific coast. Are Unbeatable but the beaches in Manzanillo, one on the border with Panama and a leatherback turtle sightings in Tortuguero, despite the criticism, the unforgettable experience. Even if Carlos Limón Puerto Limón, and above all very much excited avoid him, the former railway line, of course.

How Much Has Zumba Grown

From Alajuela drive towards the west, where a friend today with Heredia, the smallest province of Costa Rica.

Heredia Capital city (pop. 42.600)
Area 2.657 km ^ 2
Population 378.681 Density
143 / km ^ 2
I must admit that I do not really know well Heredia and so much can not miscount. The capital of the province, between Alajuela and San José and is home to two major universities, the Natonal public, but can keep up with the reputation of the UCR and not the former Inter-Americana in the meantime the U-Latina was incorporated. have merged since the two universities, they are the only ones who can compete with the prestige of the Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Some of my friends studying in Heredia, including Allen (composer / National) and the Andrés (architecture / Latina), but this is really my only reference.

addition to the universities has an important organization based in Heredia, and thus the INBio INBio Park. have the park to Pamela and I visited in early February, particularly interests us is, of course, the very well-run butterfly garden: Tortuguero But the park itself is really only a species, the work of the organization to finance, this has an archive of innumerable, identifying more and cataloged insects and other creatures from Costa Rica. This is the country with the greatest biodiversity is a treasure of great value.

Heredia also important for the rivers in the north. Among the Sarapiqui, the classic's for rafting and kayaking.

Female Doctor Physical Genital Exam

Alajuela Guanacaste

The next item in the provincial series, we end up today in Alajuela. In this part of Costa Rica is also Palmares, but I will concentrate more on called the northern part of the province, San Carlos.

Capital city Alajuela (pop. 46.554)
Area 9,757.53 km2
Population 716.286 (2001) Density
73 / km2
The most important city in the north of Alajuela is known as Ciudad Quesada, San Carlos also. The soccer player from San Carlos had this year, unfortunately, suffered a bitter defeat at the season finale against that accursed Saprissa. Following the road through the town further north, one comes in a very, and I mean very very rural part of Costa Rica. Its proximity to the border with Nicaragua to the north, we come here to many immigrants who try their luck in Costa Rica. In this area lived and worked the Alejandra, we have already delivered from time to time. Very interesting here is that really the undisputed national sport of football has received in recent years as a rival. After the Nicaraguans are very enthusiastic baseball, the football field ever between games will be equipped with bases and other purposes.

With the Arenal and Poas volcanoes are two of the most famous in Alajuela, the Poas has a diameter of 1.7 km one of the largest crater in the world. The Arenal makes for interesting tourist especially its high activity, which occasional sightings of lava flows makes it possible. On the north is the Park Caño Negro, not a national park, but still very diverse. Supposedly, this park is particularly interesting because it has not developed as much tourism as the majority National Parks in Costa Rica. Such a tour in Monte Verde may lose much of its charm if you must share it with the Gringobussen. Technically Sarchí

is still quite interesting, I have also been reported, when there Fabi had a presence. There is the largest Costa Rican ox-cart, and thus the world and there are still many family-operated wooden workshops. "Culturally" must surely be called or the Fiestas Civicas of Palmares, Costa Rica not to be overturned.

The North Alauelas embodies for me, along with the South, a bit of the "traditional" Costa Rica. As the tourist influence, especially in the far north, still quite low is, the rural lifestyle yet receives relatively strong. Here you will have to wait and see whether, for example Caño Negro intends to use its tourist potential, or to put on "real" environment. According to Alejandra's stories, working in a school that one could almost be compared to Los Pinos, there are difficulties in this area great education. In particular, the Nicaraguan immigrants to put their experience is not much emphasis on the education of their children, which is often a disadvantage of this aspect.

What Can I Put On My Cv For Clothes Shop

reports so I usually only about my work, family, or Palmares, I will now have a small series the provinces of Costa Rica's start. Of course, you could get you the essential information also from Wikipedia, but I will certainly try, if possible, bring in something personal. In the Northwest starting today, we start with Guanacaste.

Capital city of Liberia (pop. 98.751) Largest city
Liberia
Area 10.141 km2 ( 3.915 sq mi) Population
264.238 (2001), in addition to Alajuela and Guanacaste
San Jose's only international airport, making it by far the most important tourist area. On the whole Pacific coast, lined up a large 4 * hotel to the next and the tourists will be transported by shuttle bus from the airport there. In the north, the Pacific coast have also some Hollywood stars their holiday homes, we can still call it that because they stand. It has
Guanacaste actually a lot to offer something in nature. The National Park of leatherback turtles, for example, in the north of Tamarindo, but unfortunately that will now open for new construction projects. The volcano Rincón de la Vieja "is also one of the most interesting of Costa Rica. The Park Palo Verde is the most important refuge for many endangered species in Costa Rica, if not in all of Central America.
Many of the "Costa Rican traditions" are originally from Guanacaste. Here the bull-fighting is a very important role, all the food that you get in the soda is originally from the area and the typical dances have their roots here.
Agricultural Guanacaste is strongly influenced by the livestock sector. Some of the major suppliers of McDonald's here are their cattle. In Liberia, there is also a major branch of the UCR, in the Franklin Chan, an important NASA scientist who has an office. Personally
I'm not a big fan of Guanacaste, in the hotels is one usually addressed only in English and the heat is really unbearable. Even if you walk on the beach almost only "gringos" about the way many Ticos prefer the beaches for their annual holiday, you know where to look. So I was in October mim Albaro on Playa Hermosa, where our hotel was just the special week for members. I got to know also Tamarindo, but what has me in 2008, very frightened. Americans with weddings on the beach and right bunkers Hotel, the place has just been naturalized in any charm that he may have possibly had time. The enthusiasm of Carlos can Guanacaste only because of the bridge of friendship ("Puente de la amistad") secure. This leads to the Holf of Nicoya and San Jose verküzt so that the connection significantly. Besides living parents of Alejandra's friend Eduardo Nicoya.

morning we come to San Carlos. As always, I am of course any kind of feedback!

13 Year Old Birthday Card Sayings

Los Pinos

of recent events, I will again today to write a few lines about the ever-described school of Los Pinos. Like last time, I was on our visit last week that is again very impressed. This is simply a school that would have me as I never imagined.

To get to Los Pinos, you drive from Palmares center to Zaragoza, where you take a small exit on the way to Athens. After a good 15 minutes through coffee plantations and two bridges, the more adventurous Kaffeesilo comes into view. You drive a few hundred feet, the potholes as well as possible evasive, to large company gate. The village consists almost only of houses by workers of the company, a football field (in this case so required) and a small Pulperia. Many of the houses are empty at the moment and be prepared again until December, when the workers come to the coffee harvest. The right of the company gate about 50 yards downhill starts the school grounds.

The original Owner of Dos Pinos is a Swiss, who came with his German wife 50 years ago to Germany. Meanwhile, although the company managed by his son, Don Otto looks back often and still is a good friend of Albaro. He has a special relationship with Los Pinos, because he has worked there for nearly 20 years as director. He was but superior of 2 employees, but of the most beautiful school I've ever seen.

Los Pinos has just four rooms, two classrooms, a staff room and a cafeteria. It is therefore through the school gate a little smaller and with a quick glance to the right we have, after a few kilometers of coffee, a super view over the whole of Palmares. The few Meters from the building you go in well-kept flower beds along, bristling with butterflies. The class rooms are quite small, but well lit and freshly painted in bright colors.

The group with which we have worked out a first class of six students. Well, it has a lack but from a class with six students can only dream about in Germany. Probably this kind of school be allocated not necessarily the best teacher, but I Albaro example, would have to assess it as such. After about an hour with the children we have paid just the management of the coffee factory a visit and then have the home started. If one on the second bridge goes back to the center, it feels almost a bit as if you wake up from a dream and are thrown back into reality.

Pokemon Shiny Starters

The 18th / 10

Language:

including "Book Thief" I have three books this month, almost swallowed up. Since not the book by Zusak longer than two weeks hergehalten, I'm me again two English books made, "The Lost Symbol" by Dan Brown, or with me, "El símbolo perdido" and the first part of the Mozart series by Christian Jacq.

After books here are not cheap, I was a bit shocked when I reached page 619 of symbol already lost after 11 days. When I was on to consider where I can get for now my next book is, fortunately, is flapping a package from home. The two books should keep me up in a month on water and my German, they should do well. So again I hope to be able to communicate properly when I'm back in Munich.

interesting already, as part of the monthly report changes in the course of the year. For about three months I report actually more difficulties in terms of the German, instead of talking about my English. This may be because I now really a bit strange happen when I speak German. I've noticed, especially last weekend in Puerto Viejo again. I'm really curious how long it takes in Germany, to reduce the feeling again.

Work:

For the past month I've made myself again a larger project, the much-described Vivero. Next week should get the materials and when I, hopefully on Tuesday with the way finished, I'll's tackle. Otherwise, you can see the butterfly garden is not really back, especially the way the red again makes a really great impression and also pull the plants since the beginning of the rainy season properly to. Next week we could also get the first Morpho. If my Fabi times lends her camera, I'm going to make current photos I need for closing seminar of ACI's will.

In the last week is still a really important task, namely to incorporate the new volunteers Janis. It will probably be my fault, to stimulate the enthusiasm for the project and to ensure that the butterfly garden will still take place with so much dedication and passion.

The Travel

The trip to Puerto Viejo was again a beautiful beach and is final for the last few weeks is really only the Esparza trip to the Seminar of ACI.

Milena Velba Home Made

Puerto Viejo

This week, I can tell you for a long time again from outside of Palmares. On Tuesday was the fact Benita birthday and has arranged for this occasion a trip to Puerto Viejo. take quite some time to thinking about it again to the Caribbean coast, have I not miss you chance to leave and I've put up on Thursday.
After the Michi grade of Joker in the country (which are really everywhere), we have grasped the opportunity by the hair and hit us right in PV. I think this shows once again what a great team, we at Joker.
is actually on the Atlantic already absolute rainy season and the stories in the last few weeks were non exactly encouraging, but if I'm ever out events from my beloved Palmares, then it has to be beautiful. So it was then, fortunately, and we had great two days, even if I could have the heat was no longer on Saturday night.
The last time I've seen before Puerto Viejo is now almost two years. I was overwhelmed of how the village has in this, well, relatively, short period changes, and unfortunately something changed his style. Although it was two years ago, quite touristy, but the Caribbean charm was still felt very good, except the bank really only wooden houses and hotels were more subtle. Meanwhile, however, there is a large souvenir Einkaufscebter, two two-story hotels and hostels and a bunch of new tourist-Restaursnts.
Some people like El Mago, "the magician" or the very droll drug dealer has kept the place still, but overall he feels all right ami or to Europeans crowded. This one has it quite quickly seen the World Cup game on Sunday. In the Texmex bar, run by an Englishman, have probably 25, including us gathered ten. Even if we are the power for 5 minutes twice failed, admittedly good for the charm;), was the joy of course, very big! On Friday, play our Boys against Serbia, and even if I do get up at half past five must I'm looking forward to seeing a great game! Now I just sit
mim Mario Anibal and in his study, indeed have something here in her apartment close to the San Pedro. The Anibal draws any house that Mario is playing poker encouraging phone and I write the article encouraging IPod. Tomorrow I'll pick up my passport at the embassy on Wednesday and we continue with our visits to schools.

Monster Energydrinkcoloring Pages Free

Finnish volunteer battalion WEAPONS SS

Finnish Volunteers in the German army during World War of Jarto Nieme, Russ Folsom and Jason Pipes

Finns 1.Kp. / Finnish Frw.Bn.dW SS camp in Great Born, 1941

began the history of Finnish volunteers in the service of the Third Reich with a series of behind the scenes diplomatic negotiations between Germany and Finland at the post-March 1940 negotiated end their "Winter War" with the Soviet Union. Based on their proven fighting qualities, become expressed Reich Leader SS Himmler interest in a Finnish contingent part of its expanding Waffen-SS. While the Finns were open to such a suggestion, both parties were well aware that any open recruitment would certainly be interpreted as a belligerent provocation by the Soviets in the Finnish armed forces in Germany, soldiers and citizens. Subsequently, every effort has been undertaken in order to conceal the admission of active duty Finnish soldiers and other volunteers in the ranks of the Waffen-SS. There was also a clause in a secret protocol of the Finnish Government that no Finnish volunteers in the service would of Germany against to fight England and Greece (this is the timeframe of the contract is signed - the spring of 1941 when the German invasion of the Balkans made these two governments is the only active fighter against Germany), or any other nation, "with the exception of the Soviet Union." Obviously wanted the Finns, the differences that Western governments had (who was generous with critical impending military and logistical assistance during the Winter War), to respect with Germany, but at the same time was a great continental power to align their corner against the threat of further Soviet hostilities. In this sense, the Finns decided to open the pro-Axis Position during the first months of 1941 to follow, and before the onset of an actual German-Russian conflict reflects both self-interest and a wise strategic grasp of their current geopolitical situation.

In February 1941, Himmler's Waffen-SS recruiting chief, Gottlob Berger, the "foreign office" of the German Embassy in Helsinki together to get the first supplement of 1000 Finnish volunteers in German service. These conscripts were publicly as "workers for German industry," announced the international complications avoided. Because of slight differences, as the Finnish objections to the oath on the Waffen-SS officer, Adolf Hitler - most of the initial contingent of 125 officers, 109 NCOs and 850 men of the Finnish soldiers were held, reaching and would not take 't German soil until 5 June 1941. Five games of the Finns were sent to Germany in May-June 1941st The first three games of the men were the experiance with former military training area, and they were in the incorporated direcetly 5.SS Wiking Division (mot) already on the eastern front for the first phases of the invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22nd, 1941. The remaining 2 games of the Finnish military recruits were those without previous training, and they were outside of Vienna Vienna, the basis of the new Finnish battalion sent. Fresh designs of volunteers from Finland joined the train in Vienna as a Waffen-SS against infantry. The first contingent of Finns were organized as the SS-Volunteer Battalion Nordost, but the unit was later renamed in September 1941, the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS. The Finns prefer to itself as the "Jager Battalion (Light Infantry Battalion) in memory of the Finnish 27.Jagerbataillon that served with the Emperor troops on the Eastern Front during World War II.

After an initial training was in Vienna, the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS moved in July to Stralsund, 1941. In August 1941, moved the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS to the military training camp in Gross-Born, otherwise known as "For the troops camp at Gross Born." A well-known image of the "Drie Grenadier" welcomed all those in the military training areas in the United Born. On 6 October 1941, after many months of training, the ceremonial "nailing" instead of the BN-flag, and on 15 October 1941, the new battalion flag was officially the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS presented at a ceremony at the Great born practice area. After the official ceremonies, left the BN gross birth 3 December 1941, and was transferred to the Eastern Front on five rail transportation, arriving at the 8th Vinnitsa December 1941. The battalion was then on the model of Mius River on 8 January 1942, where they formally to the Division Wiking 5.SS (mot was attached) is sent, which was already holding positions along the Mius River. The Finnish battalion was attached as III Battalion of the Regiment Nordland Division Wiking. The new battalion of the regiment Nordland III officially registered in the fight against the end of January 1942, when it took positions along the Mius River. Belongs to motorized-SS Infantry Regiment Wiking's north country, the Finns would be as reliable soldiers differ during the summer of 1942 the division was deep in the Cauca. They would, in fact, in the vanguard of the deepest South investment by the German army made during the election campaign, reaching the Grozny oil fields before the Soviets pushed back.

From 21 January 1942 by 26 April 1942, saw action along the Finnish Bn positions on the river against the 31 elements Mius Soviet Guards Division. While much of the defensive, positional battle, the Finnish Bn fought alongside the Slovak Mobile Division, which was positioned along the Mius River in the north of the Finnish Line Bn. On 23 January 1943, to fight the BN experienced its first known fatality when Onni Martikainen the 3rd Company of a Soviet sniper was killed. The Focus of struggles for the next several weeks, until I one day in April 1942, was on a reconnaissance raids, small group Assualt attacks and scouting of the enemy lines. Much of the artillery and sniper attacks took place even duels. In April 1942 the battalion was withdrawn from his previous positions along the River Mius and Alexandrowka. This new position was along the river Mius, although in a new city from the one last possession of the battalion. "West of the Mius the battalion sector was tow hills, numbered and compass than 115.2 114.9. Demidovka The town was about the middle of the Finnish lines, and it was an orchard, which had begun blossom coming around. The battalion command post was in a farmhouse in the middle of the village. On the roof of the house of an observation post with trench telescope was built, and this provided a good look deep into enemy territory. "It was in these positions, are still fighting against snipers and raiding parties that were all waiting until the eventual German summer offensive was the end of June brought 1942 to life. The aim of this campaign was the conquest of Stalingrad, and on 13 July, the southern wing of Army Group South was ordered to attack towards the region of the Caucasus, with the 1st Panzer Army on the tip of the attack. Assualt That was the 298th, 73rd and 125th Infantry Divisions planned to make the first attack in the Soviet lines, while the Division Wiking was Pull back from the lines, a break but expect the initial assualting units, after which it Thust in the lines and try to deep into the territory of the Soviet Union to dismantle . If the Wiking Division was to break his injury, the III / Nordland Regiment had removed all its equipment and motorized traffic and waiting at the other two battalions of the regiment drawn. The Finnish Bn was then sent for rest and relaxation at Mokryj Jelantshick. The Finnish Bn stayed there from 13 July to 10 August 1942, while the other elements of the Wiking Division participated in the storming of Rostov and in the breakthrough Assualt in the Caucasus region. On 9 August 1942 was awarded the Finnish Bn join orders to last the rest of the regiment Nordland now at Maikop south of the Caucasus. From here, took part in the Finnish Bn hard and bloody fighting in the South Caucasus region. Later, in October 1942 took part in the BN near Hill fighring 711th

The Finnish battalion was from the other volunteer division Wiking, unique as the Dutch and the Norwegian contingent in Westland and Northland, by the fact that there were officer's and NCO's ex-Finn Army veterans, and fully responsible. The Finns have always been a separate breed, and their first Introduction to German "parade ground" was a steely discipline of German Language disregard "command met." (Orders). The Finns held out for the Finnish language NCO's, and it was there and then that the Germans recognized that the quota could create up and kitted out as a Waffen SS unit, would be but ultimately commanded only by speaking Finnish officers.

In March 1943, after many competitive examinations at the southern eastern front, the members of the Finnish volunteer in the Waffen-SS, with a view of the end of their two-year contractual agreement with Germany against the Soviet Union fight would be in the care of their government in particular to choose not to remain as combat troops in the service of German armed forces. The Finnish volunteer in the Waffen-SS were pulled from the lines in May 1943, and Auerbach / Grafenwoehr, and then sent to Ruhpolding, Bavaria, for rest. On 28 May 1943 were invited to volunteer in the Waffen-SS Finnish and arrived in Tallinn on 1 June 1943. An official ceremony was held to the arrival of the equipment at Hanko and disbandenment greet on 2 June 1943, and other unofficial ceremony was held the next day on 3 June 1943, and annealing. The troops of the BN were then leave a month, after which they to Hanko back to the ultimate fate of the BN expect given. In the negotiations that the RFSS command staff and the Finnish high command was during this time made it very clear to the Germans was that implicitly due to the significant threat to the northern front by the massive buildup of Soviet forces, that any further shipment of Finnish soldiers to any other sector would be dangerous to the protection of Finnish sovereignty. The unit was officially on 11 Dissolved in July 1943, and the members of the BN in the ranks of the Finnish army has been transferred. The last official ceremony for the fallen members of the BN on 19 September 1943 in Helsinki. An official government sponsored memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Finnish unit is in Helsinki.

Already in June 1943, Himmler RFSS the Finnish education entirely of volunteers of the Waffen-SS, to resolve the battle, but allows each voluntarily remaining Finnish volunteers from Northland, continue to serve in the Waffen-SS combat units. Many accounts describe Finns serving in the W-SS more than the June 1943 resolution of the so-called officially sanctioned Finnish "Jager battalion," and it has been generally confirmed that the Finns served in the German armed forces until the end of hostilities in May 1945 with the 11 . Pz.Gren.Divison SS Nordland, and the SS-Regiment war correspondent Kurt Eggers (war correspondents) on the eastern front.

Also back in the spring of 1943, which the Finnish Frw.Bttln.d.-SS was then attached to the regiment Nordland, was replaced by the Wiking Division, around the nucleus of another West-European/Scandanavian Divisional unit, the 11.SS Division Nordland .

After the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS was in March 1943, and dissolved in June and July of that year, the Estonian SS Volunteer Battalion Narva (Estonia) was used to replace the Finn as the third battalion in the SS Regiment Nordland Pz.Gren. The Estonians remained with the Division Wiking, when the regiment was detached Nordland in the core of a new become the same named divisional companies. The Estonians attached Wiking actually one of 3 battalions form up then on the SS training area Heidelager (training area) in Debica, Poland in the spring of 1943 as SS-1.Estnisches Frw.Grenadier Regt They lost the I (Narva) battalion, but later acquired sufficient staff to a 2-regimental strength (45 & 46.SS-Frw.Rgt.) (make-3.IF Frw.Brigade) Brigade formed before in a full SS-Grenadier-Division in January 1944.

In October 1943, the Viking is a full-Panzer-Division was reorganized. The Estonians were III/10.SS-Pz.Gren.Rgt. Westland. would Until April 1944, the Narva battalion from the Viking be replaced and renamed 20.SS-Fusilier Btln. as part of the Estonian 20.SS Frw.-Grenadier Division. While with the office of the Estonian Battalion Wiking was ordered (German) SS-Sturmbannführer Georg Eberhardt, and it is field post number was 48 314th have been attached to the battalion strength reports vary, but it was said, so great than 1280 people for the SS-Pz.Gren. Westland Regiment. The honorary title Narva has also been reported, was unofficially continued as a part of it, the new SS-Fusilier Battalion. Expulsion.

The death rate for Finnish volunteers in the armed forces Geman is a reported 222 killed and 557 injured (see below for more information about this).

Complete Order of Battle and the list of commanders

Commander: ostube. Hans Collani
aide: ostube. Helmut Hirt

1.Kompanie:

6:15:41-10:13:42: Ostuf. Hoy
10:13:42-10:17:42: Ostuf. Pallot
10:17:42: Ostuf. Karl-Heinz Ertel

2.Company:

6:15:41 -: Ostuf. Pallot
? -:? Hstuf. Ladau
4:11:42-8:13:42: Ostuf. Hilker
8:14:42-10:08:42: Ostuf. Porsch
? -:? Ostuf. Pohjanlehto
? - 1:19:43: Ostuf. Porsch
1:19:43-3:12:43: Ostuf. Pohjanlehto
3:12:43-3:26:43: Hstuf. Tenomaa
3:26:43: Ostuf. Sartio

3.Kompanie:

6:15:41-11:23:41: Ostuf. Hartmann
? - 8:13:42: Hstuf. Schnabl
? - 8:16:42: Ustuf. Luttgens
? - 10:17:42: Ostuf. Muhlinghaus
? -:? Ostuf. Eugen Deck

4.Kompanie (MG):

6:15:41-7:04:42: Ostuf. Franz Pleiner
7:04:42 to 8:08:42: Hstuf. Bruckner
? -??:?
? -:? Hstuf. Ladau

A replacement company was founded in September 1941, with SS Lieutenant Schroeder company commander. It was established in Radom and later transferred to Grant.

The Finnish Bn disbanded its 4th Machine Gun Company on 12 May 1942. The features of the former MG 4th Company then MG was then trains for each of the 3 other companies in the BN. They were also mortar squads, each squad joined with two 80mm mortar. This new arrangement is to assist each of the 3 companies in the BN to better fire. This change was from 15 May finished 1942nd If the original fourth Heavy Weapons Company was dissolved, a new one was formed, this time consisting of Engineer, infantry anti-tank gun, and the signals trains.

The BN was officially made a part of the Wiking Division on May 23, 1942. When this happened, were the Komapanie 1, Company 2, Company 3 and 4 of the company renamed company 9th Bn 10th Company 11th Company Company and 12 of the new III / Nordland Regiment. As a Finnish Bn the III / Nordland / Wiking, the former III / North Country was divided and separated in the other two battalions of the regiment Nordland.

battalion strength at 1:09:42: 34 Commanders/786 officers and men
battalion strength at 4:29:43: 16 Commanders/353 officers and men
battalion strength 5:08:43 am: 18 Commanders/740 officers and men
battalion strength at 7:11:43: Commanders/234 NCOs/534 were 14 men

ideological and social background of the first draft of the Finns

Finns originally not consider the Nordic race to be. Therefore, the aim of the SS recruiment office was to recruit Swedish speaking Finns (preferably National Socialists), which they considered to be Nordic. The Finnish governement clear that recruitment for the SS could politically problematic. Therefore, the objective of the government received the volunteers from all backgrounds and political circles (including the Social Democrats). The end result was something between these conflicting goals.

12% of the subjects were Swedish speaking, (9.6% of total population) 20% of them were followers of the ICL (fascist-wing party) (6.6% of total pop.)

There are some indications that the upper and middle class and peasants in greater numbers than in the whole population were presented.

volunteers, the Germans wanted 17 to 30 years old. They got men, 15-36 years old. Average was 21.6 years, about 50% of the men were 18-20 years old.

military background of the first draft

The first draft was in Germany five games (departure May 6 to June 5), total 1197 officers and soldiers sent. The numbers 125 109 officers, NCOs 850 men regard to colonel Tack report on 20th May 1941 the figures are not final, reducing primarily the number of officials based.

Of the first three games men who had combat experience, were attached directly to the Division Wiking. These men are men in the field of literature called the Finnish battalion and the rest are called men.

	Overall design	Div. Men	Btn. Men
Officers	76	43	33
officers	337	196	141
Men (training)	264	152	112
Men (Un-) formed	520	38	482
Totals	1197	429	768

Over 60% of the Division men had combat experience in the front line, on the other hand, 8% do not have adequate military training at all when they went to fight. 22

About% of the men had the battalion in the front line in the winter have been war. These men and the other trained men had to go trough the entire training.

status of officers and NCOs

The Finnish officers have appropriate SS ranks, but they do not get first organizational positions as officers (ie no platoon or company commanders). First the officers were not recognized at all. Later, the situation was improving, but the Finnish battalion was fully led by new Finns. Many officers and NCOs were released and returned to Finland, before the most important resolution in July 1943.

The second draft

The second design consisted of 201 men who were recruited by the army. All the men had combat experience more than 6 months. They left Germany in September 1942. These men have an ironic nickname "the 200 brave".

damage & resolution and subsequent service in the Waffen-SS

In addition to the two drafts, there were about 10 men who served with the Wiking Division, including one man that probably not a Finn, and other people that was a double defector / spy.


losses

Served	1407	TOTAL = 1409
fur		256 250 (Including MIA) working. No Finn 4 died in hospitals in Finland A shot if caught stealing food TOTAL = 256
wounded		686 TOTAL = 686

separations

dates	Div. Men Off + Men & NCO	Btn. Men	Totals
31/07/1941	0	16 + 3	19
02/13/1942	19 + 0 0		19
05/17/1942	0 + 127	0 +4	131
Various dates	12 + 29 + 14 4		59
04/07/1943	2 + 6 + 668 108		784
Autum 1943	1 + 2 + 34 33		70
date unknown	3 + 5 2 + 65		75
Totals	37 + 30 + 788 302		1157

The exact number of people who served in SS disbandmet after the main is not known, but probably the men whose resolution date unknow further service in the SS

Officer Training

There were Finns in three courses the SS officers school, Bad Tolz. Course 1, Spring 1942 to December, had 1942 7 participants, with 6 graduates. Course 2 January 1943 to July 1943 were 18 participants with 15 graduates. Course 3 June 1943 17 participants had completed but none actually were sent all participants to Finland after the general dissolution of the Finnish battalion. Participants at the second course were all soldiers and officers not. When Steiner realized that he encourage all Unterscharfuehrers, the lowest ranking NCO, before the Junker School.

The decorations

There are no official documents about the decoration, but Veikko Elo (ref 2 below) attempted to resolve the issue. His data consists of about 1000 cases.

decoration	EK1 EK2		kvk1	KVK2	total
Officers	9	33	a	a	44
NCO's & men	5	181	-	25	213
Totals	16	214	a	26	257

EK = Iron Cross Iron Cross KVK
= = = Military Cross Military Cross
Over 25% of men have some form of decoration. No one was the Knight's Cross and German Cross awarded during their term of service before separation. Two men received the Iron Crosse and beyond, their names were published in the journal "Journal of honor above the German army." They receieved diplomas, joined by Adolf Hitler as well. After the dissolution in July 1943, drove some men serving in the SS, it seems that at least one of them, Lieutenant Ulf-Ola Olin, received some form of higher decoration.

The Finns were not much different from other non-Germans in terms of military achievements and awards. See below, the German statistics on the foreign volunteers in the Viking Divsion. These statistics have been on 19 September was 1941 (Ref. 1).

	KIA	WIA	EK1 EK2	Assault Badges	Funded by Bravery
415 Finns	27 6.5	84% 20.2%	44 -	103	5
291 Norwegians	19 6.5% 30 10.3%		7 -	104	2
8 Sweden	1 12.5%	1 12.5%	- -	5	-
141 Danes	20 7.9% 45 17.9%		21 1 48		-
821 Dutch	78 9.5% 167 20.3%		50 1 425		37
45 Fleming	3 6.7% 10 22.2%		8 - 30		-
1831 volunteers	148 8.1% 337 18.4%			130 2 715 44

sources

1) Mauno Jokipii: Panttipataljoona (Pledge Battalion), 1st Ed. 1968 858 pages, a rather detailed study of the Finnish SS unit

2) Veikko Elo: Pantin lunastajat (Saviour of the Pledge), 1993 325 pages, corrections and additions to the source 1)

3) Niilo Lappalainen: Panssarieverstin Kuolema (The Death of Colonel armor), 1995

4) David Littlejohn: Foreign Legions of the Third Reich, Vol 4, 1987

5) Peter Abbot & Nigel Thomas: Germany's Eastern Front Allied 1941-1945, 1989

6) Richard Landwehr: Victory runes, questions # 14, 34 and 43

7) Kari Kuusela & Olli Wikberg: Wikingin Suomalaiset, 1996

Finnish volunteer battalion Cuff title never issued officially

Waxed Legs In Killeen Tx

First School visits

Actually, I had the last week not much to do, the review has won a little late. This has to do with a lost icon, with that of Dan Brown. Of course, in English, I the last four days, almost 500 pages of "El símbolo perdido" read. Actually, the book is a new edition of The Da Vinci Code and Angels and Demons, just place the name of the company, the police and the bad guys is different. But I swallowed the last few days has really simple.

the way we took off with more visits to the schools of Palmares. The last year we had already visited all times, this time we have changed but a bit of strategy. Also, on my initiative, we have replaced the lecture with an interactive round. It's sometimes a bit exhausting, because it's the kids are not at all accustomed to teaching in large part, to organize. Before especially if the group has ever visited but Madre Verde, develop some really fun activities.

This week, we accompanied the Natasha, a volunteer from Berkley, California. After she does not speak English, that gives me the opportunity to once again practice my English a little. Students to face at the end that is always questions about our respective countries, then I must, of course, including dictionary answer. Otherwise it is unfortunately somewhat sparse speak, which may already be a little tiring when you have to work all day with her. If we are again on Wednesday in Madre Verde, I just hope that Pamela will come.

On Saturday I went in early to the meeting of the Board to make a little promotion for our Vivero. Fortunately, they were sure all right, so maybe there is a possibility later in June to begin with. In this case, I'm ambitious, the project is still in front of the 25th Complete in July. After the meeting, then in the afternoon has already filled the house so slow with the whole family, which had in fact Pilar birthday. Evening we grilled a bit in the driveway and the odd beer found its way into the glasses.

What Color Goes With White Furniture?

Misa ecológica

Sunday morning seven clock, normally would have me of the Blue degrees in begging for food, aroused the Can on the way to work or when Carlos screwing any rail. And normally I would have simply turned around and continued to sleep in peace. This Sunday, but I was already sitting on the little low wall outside the house, waiting for the Arelis. As for punctuality, the boss is really not judge ... sometimes they come five minutes early and can not believe that it is not finished and another time she comes, like this Sunday, 20 minutes late and wonders that one is leaning against the fence to sleep again.

In retrospect, it was really good that we are so early have begun with the construction of the knives. In this type of event it really is always impressive as the Madre Verde community tackles. The division of labor was, as usual, classic, install sound system, drag boxes, set up tables and chairs were men's business took care while the women about the correct positioning of BS and the food.

Because I was asked to teach at the entrance to the car while parking, but I missed the first fifteen minutes, the rest of the show was really done quite well. Even though I really can not accept that the religious leaders take out here to evaluate the sermons governmental organizations or to criticize. As the Mina, the national environmental and energy actual organization, occupied their places, the Church, I find not the least bit interested. As an individual I do not speak from the right to express themselves about such matters, but from the pulpit, even if there is such in Madre Verde was not, of course, should such a thing, in my opinion not happen.

In Germany such an open air mass had been held ecumenically with certainty what this despite 20% Protestants was not the case. But as the Protestants are here almost seen as an evil cult, may have more space in a separate post. have

After the Mass as well as anyone the 150 guests still somewhat early lunch and then took part, the whole action for Madre Verde also paid off financially. The first came, we were also those who washed dishes and put away the last the last chair again. Shortly before three I was at lunch with a full family is saying almost ten people in the house again. So then I could finally sleep in my fence and cozy but continue slightly softer bed.

PS: Meanwhile, I took a few shots from a slide prepared Internacional: http://picasaweb.google.de/willi.stepp/DiaInternacional #, maybe I'll find the next day, a few more ...